Functional dyspepsia (FD) is very prevalent in the general population and has been associated with psychological, social and biological factors. The aim of this article is to present an explanation of FD from the stress process perspective. The paper shows the implication of seven types of variables in this medical condition, i.e.: psychosocial demands, cognitive evaluation, stress response, coping strategies, social factors, dispositional factors and health status. Also, it is considered the possible rol of the Helicobacter pylori and other relevant factors. We conclude that FD is a health problem associated with psychological, biological and social factors. The stress process model makes a possible way to understand the relationship among these factors, helps to systematize the research contribution and guides the clinical psychology in the evaluation and therapy.
La dispepsia funcional (DF) tiene una alta prevalencia en la población general y se ha asociado a factores psicológicos, sociales y biológicos. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo explicativo de la DF a partir del modelo procesual del estrés. Acorde a éste, se presenta evidencia en torno a la implicación de los siguientes siete tipos de variables en esta condición médica: demandas psicosociales, evaluación cognitiva, respuestas de estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento, factores sociales, factores disposicionales y estatus de salud. Además, se tiene en cuenta el Helicobacter pylori y otros factores relevantes para este trastorno. Se concluye que la DF es un problema de salud asociado a factores biológicos, psicológicos y sociales. El modelo procesual del estrés posibilita comprender la interrelación de estos factores, ayuda a sistematizar las aportaciones de la investigación y orienta la contribución del psicólogo clínico en la evaluación y la terapia de este trastorno.
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